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Which of the following is a primary metabolite?• A) Penicillin• B) Glucose• C) Alkaloids• D) LycopeneAnswer: B) GlucoseExplanation: Glucose is a primary metabolite essential for energy production via glycolysis and … Read More
Which electrolyte imbalance is most commonly associated with cardiac arrhythmias?• A) Hypernatremia• B) Hypokalemia• C) Hypercalcemia• D) HypomagnesemiaAnswer: B) HypokalemiaExplanation: Hypokalemia lowers resting membrane potential, increasing myocardial excitability, which can … Read More
Which enzyme is most specific for myocardial infarction?• A) AST• B) LDH• C) CK-MB• D) ALTAnswer: C) CK-MBExplanation: CK-MB is an isoenzyme of creatine kinase predominantly found in cardiac muscle. … Read More
1. Which of the following is the best routine test for glomerular filtration rate (GFR)? • A) Serum creatinine• B) Urea clearance• C) Inulin clearance• D) Serum uric acid Answer: … Read More
1. Which of the following is NOT part of a routine liver function test (LFT) panel? A) Serum bilirubin B) Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) C) Serum creatinine D) Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) … Read More
Creutzfeldt–Jakob Disease (CJD) is a rare, fatal, and rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disorder belonging to the group of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs). It results from the pathological accumulation of misfolded prion … Read More
1. What is the Michaelis-Menten constant (Km)? A) The maximum velocity of an enzyme reaction B) The substrate concentration at half-maximal velocity C) The enzyme turnover number D) The inhibitor … Read More
1. What is the primary function of the kidneys? a) Production of red blood cells b) Regulation of blood pressure c) Excretion of metabolic waste products d) Synthesis of hormones … Read More
1. Which part of the brain regulates respiratory rate? a) Hypothalamus b) Medulla oblongata c) Cerebellum d) Thalamus Answer: b) Medulla oblongata Explanation: The medulla oblongata in the brainstem regulates … Read More
1. Which of the following is the primary function of the cardiovascular system? a) Oxygenation of blood b) Circulation of blood to all body tissues c) Production of red blood … Read More
1. Which part of the neuron is responsible for transmitting electrical impulses away from the cell body? a) Dendrite b) Axon c) Soma d) Synapse Answer: b) Axon Explanation: … Read More
1. What is the primary function of red blood cells (RBCs)? a) Transport carbon dioxide b) Transport oxygen c) Protect against infection d) Produce antibodies Answer: b) Transport oxygen Explanation: … Read More
