A patient presents with hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, and hypochloremia. Which of the following conditions is most likely responsible for these findings?

A Gastrointestinal loss of hydrogen ions
B Renal loss of potassium ions due to primary aldosteronism
C Excessive vomiting leading to loss of hydrochloric acid ✓
D Ingestion of a potassium-sparing diuretic

Explanation

The combination of hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, and hypochloremia is consistent with excessive vomiting, which leads to loss of hydrochloric acid and subsequent metabolic alkalosis.

Source

Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine
Electrolytes and Acid-Base Balance Pathophysiology Acid-Base Disorders Hard MEDICAL Confidence: high