A patient with anemia due to chronic disease is likely to have which of the following cytokines elevated, contributing to the anemia?

A Erythropoietin
B Interleukin-10
C Interferon-gamma
D Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that can contribute to the development of anemia in chronic diseases. It can suppress erythropoiesis and increase hepcidin levels, leading to reduced iron availability for erythropoiesis.
New England Journal of Medicine
Hematology Hematology: Anemia Hematology: Anemia Medium MEDICAL Confidence: high