What is the primary enzyme responsible for the breakdown of branched-chain amino acids, and its deficiency leads to a condition known as Maple Syrup Urine Disease?

The enzyme Branched-Chain Alpha-Keto Acid Dehydrogenase is responsible for the breakdown of branched-chain amino acids. A deficiency in this enzyme leads to Maple Syrup Urine Disease, characterized by the accumulation of these amino acids and their toxic byproducts.