Which of the following forms of anemia is associated with an increased risk of developing osteoporosis due to elevated levels of parathyroid hormone?

A Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia
B Folate deficiency anemia
C Chronic kidney disease-associated anemia ✓
D Iron deficiency anemia

Explanation

Chronic kidney disease can lead to secondary hyperparathyroidism, which increases the risk of osteoporosis. Anemia is a common complication of chronic kidney disease.

Source

Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Clinical Practice Guideline
Hematology Hematology: Anemia Hematology: Anemia Medium MEDICAL Confidence: high