What is the primary mechanism by which hepcidin regulates iron homeostasis in the body, particularly in the context of anemia?

A By increasing the absorption of iron from the gut
B By decreasing the release of iron from macrophages ✓
C By inhibiting the production of erythropoietin
D By reducing the expression of transferrin receptors on cell surfaces

Explanation

Hepcidin plays a crucial role in iron homeostasis by binding to ferroportin, causing it to be internalized and degraded, which decreases the release of iron from macrophages and other cells into the bloodstream, thus regulating iron availability for erythropoiesis.

Source

Molecular Biology of the Cell, Alberts et al.
Hematology Hematology: Anemia Hematology: Anemia Hard MEDICAL Confidence: high