A patient presents with a pH level of 7.2, a bicarbonate level of 12 mEq/L, and a carbon dioxide level of 40 mmHg. What is the most likely acid-base disturbance in this patient?

A Respiratory acidosis with metabolic alkalosis
B Metabolic acidosis with respiratory compensation ✓
C Respiratory alkalosis with metabolic compensation
D Metabolic acidosis with no respiratory compensation

Explanation

The patient's pH level is low (acidic), bicarbonate level is low, and carbon dioxide level is normal. This suggests a metabolic acidosis with some degree of respiratory compensation.

Source

Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine
Electrolytes and Acid-Base Balance Pathophysiology Acid-Base Disturbances Medium MEDICAL Confidence: high